Archive for the ‘Cardiovascular Medicine’ Category

Post-MI Complications

Post myocardial infarction you need to be aware of many complications that may arise including:

1)  Recurrent angina
2)  Re-infarction
3)  Mitral regurgitation
4)  Ventricular septal defects
5)  Ventricular wall aneuysms
6)  Cardiogenic shock
7)  Dresslers syndrome/Pericarditis

Cardiac Risk Factors

Risk factors for CAD have a strong epidemiological correlation with likelihood of developing clinical CAD according to Center of Disease Control (CDC).  Multiple risk factors combine to significantly increase CAD risk compared to one factor alone.
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CHF? Or Cor Pulmonale?

Lung disease can affect the heart through structural changes of pulmonary vasculature, hypoxia or peripheral circulartion admixture, increased cardiac output or volume, elevation of ventricular or pulmonary vasculature.  This is why it is important to discuss with your doctor about the various differentials if congestive heart failure is being considered.

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Unstable Angina

Description

Unpleasant chest discomfort, commonly substernal and often described as heaviness or squeezing.  This discomfort can be felt anywhere from epigastrium to pharynx, arm(s), neck or back.  Occurs unpredictably at rest or in a sharply and abruptly worsening pattern compared to stable angina.  Dyspnea may accompany chest discomfort or occur alone.  The episodic duration of unstable anginal attacks generally are 20 minutes or less; an attack greater than 30 minutes is suggestive of myocardial infarction.
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Stable Angina Pectoris

Description

Unpleasant chest discomfort, commonly substernal and often described as heaviness or squeezing sensation.  This discomfort can be felt anywhere from epigastrium to jaw, arm(s), neck, or back.  Dyspnea may accompany chest discomfort or occur alone.  It can be provoked by exertion or emotional upset, relieved within minutes by rest.
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Premature Junctional Contraction

Premature Junctional (AV Nodal) beats originate near the AV node junction. In general, they do not require treatment. They may , however, be signs of drug toxicity, in which case treatment involves decreasing the drug dosage.
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Acute Myocardial Infarction

Description

Acute myocardial infarction is referred to as the clinical syndrome of ischemic myocardial necrosis.  The amount of necrosis is variable depending on the quantity of myocardium affected and duration of ischemia, collateral blood supply, and onset of symptom-to-treatment time.  Needless to say, treatment should be administered within the first few hours to help avoid post-infarct complications.
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Acute Pulmonary Edema

Description

Acute pulmonary edema is considered an abrupt increase in pulmonary capillary pressure and vascular volume of lungs.  This results in impaired gas exchange and constitutes a medical emergency.  It most commonly occurs on a cardiogenic basis, but can occur as a result of noncardiac disease as well.
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Premature Atrial Contractions

An early, pre-sinus node, depolarization beat originating from an atrial focus outside the sinus node.
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